Menopause and osteoporosis

Learn how hormonal changes in menopause impact your bone health and how HRT can help manage symptoms and protect your bones.
older woman sat on step outside a house smiling into distance

About menopause

Menopause usually occurs between the ages of 45 and 55, and affects anyone who menstruates.

In physiological terms, menopause happens because of a decrease in the ovaries’ production of oestrogen and progesterone. Because oestrogen and progesterone are responsible for regulating bone production and absorption, a drop in these hormones can predispose postmenopausal women to an increased risk of osteoporosis. 

You can get a good idea of when you might go through the menopause by looking at your family history. You’ll likely experience it at a similar age to when your mother or older sisters did. 

Some factors will influence the start of the menopause, such as pregnancy history, BMI and whether or not you smoke1.

About menopause

Menopause usually occurs between the ages of 45 and 55, and affects anyone who menstruates.

In physiological terms, menopause happens because of a decrease in the ovaries’ production of oestrogen and progesterone. Because oestrogen and progesterone are responsible for regulating bone production and absorption, a drop in these hormones can predispose postmenopausal women to an increased risk of osteoporosis. 

You can get a good idea of when you might go through the menopause by looking at your family history. You’ll likely experience it at a similar age to when your mother or older sisters did. 

Some factors will influence the start of the menopause, such as pregnancy history, BMI and whether or not you smoke1.

Menopause symptoms

The hormonal fluctuations that occur prior to and during the menopause can cause a number of unpleasant symptoms. These include:

  • Irregular periods
  • Hot flushes
  • Sleep disturbances
  • Vaginal dryness
  • Change in emotions
  • Weight gain
woman lying in bed looking sad

Menopause symptoms

The hormonal fluctuations that occur prior to and during the menopause can cause a number of unpleasant symptoms. These include:

  • Irregular periods
  • Hot flushes
  • Sleep disturbances
  • Vaginal dryness
  • Change in emotions
  • Weight gain
woman lying in bed looking sad
graph showing levels of oestrogen compared to age along different stages of menopause

Postmenopause and increased osteoporosis risk

During premenopause, your oestrogen levels are regular and rhythmic, inline with your monthly cycle. During perimenopause, oestrogen and progesterone levels chaotically spike and plummet, with a general decline over time. Once postmenopause is reached, oestrogen and progesterone levels have dropped to permanently low levels. 

Oestrogen and progesterone play a direct role in regulating your bone structure and strength. A drop in their levels has a significant impact on bones, with most women expected to lose 20% of their bone density in the first 5-7 years following menopause2.

Learn more about the different stages of the menopause and their effect on bone health by downloading our PDF leaflet ‘Menopause & Osteoporosis’.

graph showing levels of oestrogen compared to age along different stages of menopause

Postmenopause and increased osteoporosis risk

During premenopause, your oestrogen levels are regular and rhythmic, inline with your monthly cycle. During perimenopause, oestrogen and progesterone levels chaotically spike and plummet, with a general decline over time. Once postmenopause is reached, oestrogen and progesterone levels have dropped to permanently low levels. 

Oestrogen and progesterone play a direct role in regulating your bone structure and strength. A drop in their levels has a significant impact on bones, with most women expected to lose 20% of their bone density in the first 5-7 years following menopause2.

Learn more about the different stages of the menopause and their effect on bone health by downloading our PDF leaflet ‘Menopause & Osteoporosis’.

HRT

HRT stands for hormone replacement therapy. HRT mimics oestrogen and progesterone to help manage the symptoms of menopause and prevent bone loss. 

HRT comes in tablet form, as well as patches, gels, sprays and the Mirena coil, and is safe and effective when prescribed in the right way, to the right women.

Once you start getting menopause symptoms, it is a good idea to speak to your GP. This is because as soon as your hormones start fluctuating, you will be vulnerable to bone loss.

It is very important to consider taking HRT if you reach menopause early. This is because you will start losing bone at an earlier age than the average person, increasing your risk of osteoporosis.

Just a few years of HRT can have a long term effect on fracture reduction3. Many studies have shown that HRT can reduce risk of fracture by 50%4, where oestrogen slows down the rate of bone loss and promotes new bone growth.

 

woman sat on sofa applying HRT patch

HRT

HRT stands for hormone replacement therapy. HRT mimics oestrogen and progesterone to help manage the symptoms of menopause and prevent bone loss. 

HRT comes in tablet form, as well as patches, gels, sprays and the Mirena coil, and is safe and effective when prescribed in the right way, to the right women.

Once you start getting menopause symptoms, it is a good idea to speak to your GP. This is because as soon as your hormones start fluctuating, you will be vulnerable to bone loss.

It is very important to consider taking HRT if you reach menopause early. This is because you will start losing bone at an earlier age than the average person, increasing your risk of osteoporosis.

Just a few years of HRT can have a long term effect on fracture reduction3. Many studies have shown that HRT can reduce risk of fracture by 50%4, where oestrogen slows down the rate of bone loss and promotes new bone growth.

 

woman sat on sofa applying HRT patch
woman holding HRT

HRT myths

Despite decades of use and proven benefits in managing menopause and osteoporosis, HRT remains shrouded in myths and misconceptions, making many women anxious about taking it. Read our blog post, Debunking HRT Myths as we dissect 10 of the most common misbeliefs. 

 

Have any questions about menopause or HRT? Please do not hesitate to get in touch.

woman holding HRT

HRT myths

Despite decades of use and proven benefits in managing menopause and osteoporosis, HRT remains shrouded in myths and misconceptions, making many women anxious about taking it. Read our blog post, Debunking HRT Myths as we dissect 10 of the most common misbeliefs. 

 

Have any questions about menopause or HRT? Please do not hesitate to get in touch.

References

References

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